Posts Tagged ‘credit card industry’

The annual percentage rate (APR) applied to your credit card accounts is a calculation of the cost of credit. All credit card companies are required to fully disclose the APR in the credit card agreement, and every lender not only calculates the APR in a different way, but may also apply a different APR for purchases or cash advances on your account. When you’re comparing credit card offers and want to make the most informed financial decisions about your credit, it’s important to understand how APR is calculated, and what the difference is between variable and fixed APR.

How APR is Calculated for Credit Cards

The APR is calculated as the rate for the payment period, multiplied by the number of payment periods over the year. For example, if your credit card provider has stated a 20% APR, then your periodic rate would be 20% divided by 12 months, or about 1.67% per month. This periodic rate is applied to the monthly balance on the credit card. Every credit card company uses a different method to determine what balance to use when charging the periodic rate.

Some credit card companies will charge the periodic rate to an adjusted balance, a previous balance, an average daily balance, or an ending balance. Others may charge the periodic rate on a two-cycle average daily balance. Understanding how the company charges the periodic rate can help you decide which card really has the best terms.

Variable vs. Fixed APR

APRs on credit cards can either be variable or fixed. A variable APR is calculated by adding a marginal rate to a reference rate, such as the U.S. Prime Rate. In this case, whenever the Prime Rate changes, the variable APR rate also changes. Each credit card company will then adjust your APR on a monthly or quarterly basis. The methodology for charging the APR rate will be listed in your credit card agreement.

It’s important to understand what the difference is between variable and fixed APR. If misread, credit card deals can quickly become credit card traps.

Fixed APRs do not take any type of reference rate into account, so your account balance will be charged the same amount in every period. While fixed APRs are a little more stable than variable APRs, they can still change when the credit card company decides to adjust their rate. All credit card companies are required by law to notify consumers that they are changing the fixed APR rate.

Understanding how APR is calculated and what type of APR is charged to your account balance can help you make the best decisions when comparing credit card companies. Take the time to review your credit card agreement so that you can make the most informed financial decisions.

Sabah Karimi

Affinity Agreements Still a Moneymaker for Higher Education

A common moneymaker in collegiate circles is the sale of alumni and students’ information through the use of affinity agreements. Many believed that the passage of the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009 would curtail these business practices, but a clause allows these credit card programs to continue provided they disclose their dealings. The act does not cover other industries. The question many parents and students are asking is “Can the school sell my personal information?” The answer is yes and it is still legal.

In higher education, affinity agreements have become an excellent way to make money and many companies take advantage these programs. They provide car rental discounts, mobile communication packages, campus Internet access and even vending machine displays. Companies encourage students to sign up for special offers or services and the university financially benefits.

The Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009 brought the use of these programs to the public’s attention, but it does not abolish the practice. It only limits banking affinity agreements and protects students until graduation. Pennsylvania Congressman Patrick J. Murphy (D-8th District) has proposed additional disclosure measures focusing on financial institutions. It is unclear as to whether Murphy supports abolishing the practice of all affinity agreements.

Under the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009, colleges and universities must publicly disclose their marketing relationships with credit agencies but it does not restrict the college or university from providing the names of alumni for marketing purposes. Credit card agencies must now submit an annual report containing full disclosure of their dealings on campus. The report includes all business, marketing, promotional agreements and an account of all credit cards issued to both student and alumni.

J.P Morgan Chase, Citigroup, Wachovia, Wells Fargo and Bank of America have signed affinity agreements with many universities and colleges. The media tends to focus on Bank of America since it has been the most forthcoming in the publishing the extent of their affinity agreements. According to a November 30, 2009 press release, the bank has 800 collegiate endorsements including 70 percent of the schools in the Big 10, Big East and Pac-10 athletic conferences and five of the eight Ivy League schools. The question alumni must ask is how are these revenues from banks and other companies used to benefit students. The 2009 the Credit Card Act did not require this disclosure.

Anastasia Zoldak

By now, most people either use Twitter to communicate online, or at least know what Twitter is. What you might not know is that Twitter founder Jack Dorsey is now out to release technology that could drastically change the credit card industry.

Enter SquareUp.com, a program operated by Dorsey’s new venture, Square, that allows users to make and accept payments with their Apple iPads. It’s billed as a simple, secure way for money to change hands, whether you are paying or getting paid. Simply download the free iPad app and enter your mailing address when prompted. You’ll be delivered a tiny plastic device to attach to your iPad that allows you to swipe a credit card, and the transaction is processed via the company’s Web site. Over time, any mobile device with the ability to access the Web could be used with Square.

So what does this mean for the credit card industry?

Low cost

Traditional credit card processing equipment can be expensive, from the card readers to the software required to operate them. Then there are the costs involved with operating a credit card merchant account. With the Square service, you pay only a few dollars for the software, nothing for the tiny “Square” device, and a small fee for each transaction.

True mobility

The Square service means that business owners are no longer tethered to their stores or offices. With their iPads, they can accomplish just as much on the road as they can from work, including processing credit card payments. Those who sell wares from stalls, at farmers markets or any other mobile area can now accept payments from anybody who has a credit card.

Not just for merchants

Square also enables individuals to pay back small debts and lend each other money quickly and easily.

Another major benefit of Square is that it cuts down on the paper used during a transaction. Receipts are e-mailed or sent to you by text message so that you can choose to print them or not as needed.

With the iPad release, Square closed its iPhone Beta phase so the iPad is currently the only device that runs the app. However even with the iPad, Square could potentially benefit regular cardholders, business owners, traveling sales professionals and anyone else for whom credit cards are part of daily life.

Steve Thompson

With increasing rates of identity theft, many consumers choose to freeze their credit reports so that the credit report cannot be shared with potential creditors. When you freeze your credit reports, a lender or creditor who makes an attempt to check your credit history will not be able to order a report using your name and Social Security number.

How a Credit Freeze Works

To freeze your accounts, you will need to contact each of the three credit reporting agencies — Equifax, Experian and TransUnion — and provide them with identifying information such as your name, current and former address, Social Security number, birth date and a copy of your driver’s license. The request for a freeze can be made by certified mail or online.

Initiating a credit freeze costs between $3 and $10 per person per bureau, and you will likely receive written confirmation that the freeze is in effect after the credit bureau has received all the information they need. Check your state’s security freeze requirements and fees schedule for specific fees.

If you want to open a new credit account or apply for a loan, you have the ability to lift the freeze for a certain period of time so that the creditor can pull your credit report. Each credit bureau charges a fee (approximately $5 to $10) to lift the freeze temporarily, so you need to select a specific date and let the credit reporting agency know which creditor will be ordering a credit report.

Keep in mind that freezing your accounts will not lower your credit score, and will not prevent you from receiving pre-approved credit offers. If your spouse shares a credit account with you, both parties need to freeze their individual credit files separately for the entire account to be frozen.

When to Freeze Your Credit

You probably should freeze your credit if:

• You’ve been a victim of identity theft and had your accounts compromised.
• You’ve lost your credit cards and Social Security card or driver’s license.
• You simply suspect that you have been the victim of identity theft and want peace of mind that your credit report isn’t in the wrong hands.

When Not to Freeze Your Credit

There are some situations where it’s not a good idea to freeze your credit. If your job requires you to access your credit reports regularly to open new accounts, it can be very costly to lift the freeze every time you need to pull your report. If you’ve lost a single credit card or had a credit card stolen, you may only need to contact your credit card issuer to investigate the account and close it as needed.

Another drawback of freezing your credit report is that your credit report won’t be updated with your current name or address until you personally send that information to the credit bureaus. You will need to update your contact information on your own any time you move or make a name change.

Sabah Karimi

With lenders tightening their standards, and with new credit card rules, many are finding that it is not as easy as it once was to get a credit card. Indeed, proof of income is needed, and for the best credit cards you will need a credit score that is at least fair to good. If you do not meet these qualifications, you may need a co-signer to get a credit card.

What is a Co-signer?

A co-signer is someone who accepts responsibility for the loan or credit card if you cannot pay. If you do not have good enough credit or a high enough income to qualify for a credit card or some other type of loan, a co-signer will vouch for you, taking on the responsibility for the loan. This person should have good credit and sufficient income.

When someone co-signs for a loan, it means that he or she is basically taking on the debt. You should still make your payments on time, but if you don’t, the creditor can come to the co-signer to fulfill the debt. Additionally, the co-signed debt shows up as part of the co-signer’s debt burden, so their debt-to-income ratio rises. A co-signer is taking on risks when he or she backs you up, agreeing to pay on the loan if you default. If there is a chance that you will default, or if there are doubts about whether you are responsible enough to pay on time, you may have a hard time convincing someone to co-sign for you, since most of the risks are taken on by the co-signer.

Choosing a Co-signer

If you are responsible but you do not have established credit or a full-time job, you might be able to convince someone to co-sign for you. This person is usually a relative, often a parent. You might also find a very good family friend to co-sign on a credit card for you. When looking for a co-signer, you should find someone who has good credit, a low debt-to-income ratio, and who is not planning major purchases for at least six months. This is someone who is likely to handle the debt well, and who can afford to co-sign for your credit card.

Once you have your credit card, you should show your appreciation to your co-signer by using it responsibly, paying on time, and in full.

Jean Marquit

Everyone is familiar with the credit card advertisements people receive in the mail, but direct mail marketing has declined in response to the struggling economic climate.

However, according to DM News, credit card issuers have ramped-up their direct mail marketing efforts recently. They are now sending out more advertisements to consumers, raising awareness about new cards and renewing interest in their popular cards.

The total amount of direct marketing sent out by all banks rose 47 percent between the third and fourth quarters of 2009, which is a significant change in only a few months. Chase led the pack by increasing its efforts by 87 percent.

Banks are becoming more optimistic about the future of the U.S. economy, and are once again encouraging consumers to take advantage of credit card offers. DM News reports that banks sent out far more direct mail before the recession hit, but a steady climb could bode well for the credit card industry.

Of course, credit card offers sent through direct mail might not be as enticing as they once were. Annual fees, shorter grace periods and higher interest rates are still common among current terms. It is important for consumers to pay attention and to make smart decisions about which credit cards they decide to obtain.

New changes to the CARD Act of 2009 will take effect in February, which might have an impact on direct mail marketing by credit card issuers. Banks will be keeping tabs on delinquencies and monitoring consumer activity to determine where they should take their efforts from here.

Staying abreast of credit card news and paying attention to direct mail advertisements will help you make effective decisions about your finances. If this trend continues, it could mean that card terms will steadily become more favorable as well.

Steve Thompson

If you are drowning in credit card debt, or have collection agencies calling you at work and at home, it’s understandable if you feel overwhelmed right now. However, you can get your credit card debt under control, eliminate it, and show the credit card companies that you can handle credit responsibly. Here are some useful tips for getting out of credit card debt for good.

Work with the credit card issuer

If you sense that you won’t be able to make next month’s credit card payment, proactively contact the credit card issuer yourself. Explain your situation to the company and ask for a lower monthly payment, a lower interest rate, or both. Most credit card companies are reluctant to resort to a collection agency to collect on their debts, since this results in your debt being sold to an outside agency for pennies on the dollar.

Pay more than the minimum

If you ever hope to reduce and eventually eliminate your credit card debt, you must pay more than the credit card’s minimum monthly payment. Even if the additional amount is only $100, every little bit of extra cash helps you on your journey to getting out of debt.

Transfer your balances

Many banks and companies offer zero or low annual percentage rate (APR) balance transfer credit cards to new credit card holders as a promotional incentive. Usually, balances from other credit cards can be transferred to these new cards. If you are able to obtain such a card, transfer as much of your high-interest credit card debt to it as you can. Then, try to pay off this debt before the promotional period ends.

Use only cash

Once you start paying off your credit cards, it is easy to fall back into the routine of using them to make purchases. If you do this, you will never be able to reduce your credit card debt. The solution is to use only cash when you make purchases. Using cash also makes you more aware of how much money you are actually spending on various items.

Once a credit card is paid off, destroy it

It is very tempting to go back to using credit cards that are no longer “maxed out,” especially if the cards have a very high spending limit. Once a credit card is fully paid off, destroy it. This will prevent you from sabotaging your own efforts to stay out of debt.

Keep one or two credit cards

Credit cards do make certain purchases easier (e.g., hotel reservations); however, there is no reason why you should keep five or more credit cards. One or two low-interest credit cards should be sufficient; the rest should be destroyed or made unavailable (e.g., placed in a safe deposit box) for use only in an emergency.

File for bankruptcy

If you simply cannot reduce your credit card debt by cutting back on purchases and even taking on an extra job, the best resort may be to file for bankruptcy. Granted, your credit will be ruined for seven years, but you’ll be able to start fresh. This may be your best option if you see no other way to pay off your credit card debt, or your credit card issuers refuse to consider a mutually beneficial debt payment plan.

Hally Z.

Going to college is the first step towards independence for many young adults. Many attend colleges in their home state, living on their own in dorms or apartments. During these college years a student’s main concern should be on studies and how to pursue a career upon graduation. Unfortunately, rising debt lurks in the shadows for many of these students and when they graduate, the harsh reality of this debt brings puts a tether hold on some of their plans and goals.

College Debt

It used to be that credit card debt was the big culprit for the debt college students had upon graduation. However, with the Credit Card Act of 2009, that debt won’t be a factor. But the debt of college students will still be as high as before and some instances higher. In recent years college students have been borrowing more money than they ever have in the pursuit of higher education. So many students’ borrowing has increased to keep up with the costs of rising tuition.

Tuition Hikes the Main Culprit

There used to be a time when a person entering college fresh out of high school only needed to take out a college loan for a couple of thousand dollars each semester. However, with the cost of tuition rising significantly each year, students are borrowing twice as much just to pay for an education. In fact, college tuition hikes have passed the rate of inflation. According to the College Board, between the years of 1999 to 2000 and 2009 to 2010, college tuition has increased at an average annual rate of 4.9 percent over the general rate of inflation.

Life-Altering Effects of Increased Student Borrowing

Federal Direct and Stafford loans typically give graduates a six-month grace period before they have to begin repaying their loan. However, with the current economic situation and unemployment still high, finding good paying jobs is becoming difficult for some. Even when a decent-paying job comes along, plans such as getting married and purchasing a home are put on the back burner, as graduates find themselves living paycheck to paycheck.

There may not be a way to avoid borrowing for college tuition. However, if college students are made knowledgeable about how student loans affect their lives after college, they can be better prepared to handle the debt. Financial education on debt and borrowing can benefit students a great deal and help them develop a plan to handle the debt college tuition helped them to accrue.

ShawnTe Pierce

The U.S. Census Bureau claims there are roughly 1.5 billion credit cards in use across the nation, which translates to an average of eight credit cards per American adult. At the same time, a company that advises the credit card industry, R.K. Hammer, reports that Americans annually pay more than $20 billion in credit card fees. Perhaps it is no wonder that 41 percent of U.S. adults told the National Foundation for Credit Counseling that they grade their knowledge of personal finance at “C,” “D” or “F.”

Knowledge is power. Here, then, are 10 credit card industry facts that may help you better deal with the world of credit cards.

1. Beware of the “universal default clause”

Just one late payment on any credit card can prompt the entire credit card industry to raise your interest rates on all of your cards.

2. Identity theft

A plague upon the credit card industry and personal finance in general, identity theft is described by federal authorities as America’s fastest-growing source of crime. Monthly reviews of credit card statements and credit reports are the best ways to combat identity theft.

3. Credit card offers can lead to identity theft

A typical household receives several credit card offers per year. The trouble is that if the household doesn’t shred these offers, identity theft criminals can obtain vital personal information and open credit card accounts in your name.

4. Maintain that credit score

The magic number for your credit score is above 600. Go below that and you likely will face severe credit limits and high interest rates.

5. Make some noise

The fact that you may receive multiple pitches from the credit card industry, even if your credit score is below 600, reflects the fierce competition between companies. Call the credit card companies and ask to speak to supervisors for the lowest interest rates, and even negotiate for consolidation of credit card debt. The same determination on the phone can help if you believe an unwarranted late fee or penalty has been assessed.

6. Watch those gas stations

Folks seem to run into all sorts of problems when they use credit cards at gasoline pumps. First, if you don’t have a minimum of $50 remaining on your limit, your purchase attempt may be rejected. Gasoline stations may also be slow to record your transaction. Sometimes it’s best to simply pay with cash.

7. Keep an eye on payment time frames

If a few days are shaved from a payment time frame, such as 25 days instead of 30 days, credit card holders may falsely assume that they’re paying on time, only to run into a costly late fee and all of the accompanying troubles.

8. Minimum monthly payments will cost you dearly

Minimum monthly payments often consist of little more than interest on the lump sum. The laptop you purchased for $300 could end up costing $1,000 or more if you’re paying the minimum monthly payment. In this sense, credit card purchases can cost even more than rent-to-own arrangements.

9. Shop locally

If you restrict your purchases to within your home state or within 100 miles of your billing address, you will have an easier time disputing charges for unsatisfactory goods or services. Federal law gives credit card companies more rights for purchases made out of state or beyond the 100-mile radius.

10. Sometimes, “big government” actually can work for you

When looking for advice, keep in mind that the Federal Trade Commission monitors trade within the 50 states. There’s even a U.S. Financial Literacy and Education Commission, and local nonprofit credit counseling agencies are abundant.

Michael Thompson

Most people know that credit history is important for obtaining loans, finding a job and applying for a credit card, but do you know why your credit report is important? This single aspect of your life can have an enormous impact on your finances, so it is essential to understand how to build a better credit report.

Why Should I Build a Better Credit Report?

When you build a better credit report, you will likely save money and enjoy a more secure financial future. Each time you apply for a credit card or a loan, the lender will access your credit history to determine what kind of risk you pose as a borrower. A better credit report will result in better terms for your loan or line of credit.

This means lower interest rates, fewer fees, better chances for approval and improved terms. A better credit report often results in your ability to take advantage of lender promotions such as zero-percent financing for a specified term.

What is the Fair Credit Reporting Act?

One of the most important things you need to know when building a better credit report is how the Fair Credit Reporting Act affects your financial life.

The FCRA determines your rights as a consumer and the requirements of credit reporting agencies. Under the FCRA, you have the right to access your credit report and to know when lenders, employers and other entities have used information in your report against you (denying your loan application, for example). You also have the right to dispute any information you believe is inaccurate and to choose who has access to your report, and when. Knowing your rights and the requirements of the credit reporting agencies can help you build a better credit report faster.

How can I Improve my Credit Report?

The only way to build a better credit report is to practice positive financial habits. This means paying bills on time, carrying as little debt as possible, maintaining good relationships with creditors and living within your means. Just because you have access to credit does not mean you should use it.

Having a credit card (or several), for example, can help your credit report, but carrying a hefty balance on all the cards in your wallet can hurt it. This is why many consumers choose to pay off their balances each month, which also saves you from paying interest and fees on the money you borrow.

Too many inquiries on your credit report can be detrimental, so you don’t want to apply for 10 credit cards at once. Keep your applications to a minimum and spread them out so they don’t all hit your report simultaneously. Similarly, avoid applying for multiple loans at the same time.

You will also notice that building a better credit report is easier as you get older. One of the factors that impacts your credit score is the longevity of your credit history; the presiding wisdom dictates that mature consumers are less likely to act irresponsibly with credit.

Finally, dispute any inaccurate statements on your credit history immediately. Building a better credit report is impossible if you don’t know what the report contains, so take advantage of the annual free report that the agencies — Experian, Equifax and TransUnion — provide. If something seems inaccurate, file a written dispute so it can be investigated.

How Long Will it Take to Build a Better Credit Report?

The length of time required to build a better credit report depends on your situation. For example, it might take less time for a young consumer to develop a credit history from scratch than for an older consumer to repair negative accounts on a credit history.

Most negative information on your credit report will be there for about seven years, though some delinquencies and defaults can remain for much longer. However, increasing your positive payment history can reduce the impact of a bankruptcy or defaulted credit card, so don’t give up.

Steve Thompson